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摘要: 目的 探索鼻部淋巴瘤患者鼻腔分泌物中细菌的分布特点。方法 回顾性分析青岛大学附属医院2019年1月—2022年6月就诊的86例鼻部淋巴瘤患者与39例健康体检人员总鼻道的鼻分泌物的细菌培养结果，分析和比较鼻部淋巴瘤与健康人群鼻腔细菌分布的差异。结果 健康人群鼻部细菌以棒状杆菌最多(38.90%)，其次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(31.95%)、表皮葡萄球菌(15.28%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(6.95%)；而鼻部淋巴瘤患者鼻部细菌分布则以金黄色葡萄球菌最多(30.37%)，其次为棒状杆菌(9.63%)、表皮葡萄球菌(7.41%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(6.67%)。其中81例患者检出细菌，阳性率高达94.19%(81/86)。结论 鼻部淋巴瘤患者鼻分泌物中的细菌分布与健康人相比存在显著差异，其致病菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主，这为临床上预防和治疗鼻部淋巴瘤或合并感染提供了指导意义。Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of nasal bacterial infection in patients with nasal lymphoma.Methods The results of bacterial culture of nasal secretions from 39 healthy people and 86 patients with nasal lymphoma in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the differences in nasal bacteria distribution between nasal lymphoma and healthy people were analyzed and compared.Results Corynebacterium(38.90%) was the most common bacteria in the nasal cavity of healthy people, followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(31.95%), Staphylococcus epidermidis(15.28%) and Staphylococcus aureus(6.95%). The most common bacteria in nasal lymphoma patients was Staphylococcus aureus(30.37%), followed by Corynebacterium(9.63%), Staphylococcus epidermidis(7.41%) and coagulase negative Staphylococcus(6.67%). A total of 81 nasal lymphoma patients were detected with bacteria, positive rate is as high as 94.19%(81/86).Conclusion Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogenic bacteria in nasal secretion of patients with nasal lymphoma, which provides guiding significance for the clinical prevention and treatment of nasal lymphoma complicated with infection or not.
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Key words:
- lymphoma /
- microbiology /
- staphylococcus aureus /
- infection
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表 1 两组一般临床资料比较
例 组别 例数 性别 年龄/岁 男 女 < 18 18~60 >60 健康对照组 39 10 29 4 35 0 鼻部淋巴瘤组 86 52 34 0 65 21 
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表 2 两组鼻分泌物细菌培养结果比较
株(%) 细菌种类 健康对照组 鼻部淋巴瘤组 合计 χ2 P值 金黄色葡萄球菌 5(6.95) 41(30.37) 46(22.22) 14.909 < 0.001 棒状杆菌属 28(38.90) 13(9.63) 41(19.81) 25.309 < 0.001 表皮葡萄球菌 11(15.28) 10(7.41) 21(10.15) 3.191 0.074 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 23(31.95) 9(6.67) 32(15.46) 22.958 < 0.001 铜绿假单胞菌 1(1.38) 8(5.93) 9(4.35) 2.324 0.127 草绿色链球菌 0 7(5.20) 7(3.40) - - 奈瑟菌属 1(1.38) 5(3.70) 6(2.90) 0.894 0.344 不动杆菌属 0 5(3.70) 5(2.42) - - 粘质沙雷菌 0 5(3.70) 5(2.42) - - 化脓链球菌 0 4(2.97) 4(1.95) - - 肠杆菌科细菌 2(2.78) 3(2.22) 5(2.42) 0.061 0.804 莫拉菌属 0 3(2.22) 3(1.45) - - 克雷伯菌属 0 3(2.22) 3(1.45) - - 合适柠檬酸杆菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 路邓葡萄球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 恶臭假单胞菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 粪肠球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 唾液链球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 近平滑假丝酵母 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 节杆菌属 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 乳明串珠菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 噬二氧化碳纤维菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 微球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 克氏库克菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 奇异变形杆菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 肠球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 沃氏葡萄球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 酿脓链球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 龋齿放线菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 无乳链球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 类干酪乳杆菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 麻疹孪生球菌 0 1(0.74) 1(0.48) - - 革兰阳性芽孢杆菌 1(1.38) 0 1(0.48) - - 合计 72(100.00) 135(100.00) 207(100.00) - -
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