Association between airborne particulate matter(PM 2.5) concentration and the incidence of allergic rhinitis in Shanghai
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摘要: 目的 探讨上海地区大气PM 2.5浓度对变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis，AR)人群发病的影响，为AR发病的预警和防治提供策略。方法 收集2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日上海市环境监测的大气污染物日平均浓度和上海地区5家三甲医院同期AR患者门诊就诊的临床数据资料。采用时间序列广义相加Poisson回归模型，分析大气PM 2.5日均浓度与AR患者的每日就诊量变化的相关性。结果 在研究期间，采集56 500例AR患者资料，PM 2.5的每日平均浓度为(35.28±23.07)μg/m3。PM 2.5浓度值与AR患者数之间存在相关性。AR日均就诊数量与PM 2.5大气污染程度呈正相关(P < 0.05)。研究发现PM 2.5每上升10 μg/m3，对AR就诊人次的影响在当天、滞后第1天、滞后第2天差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，其中当天暴露的影响最强。PM 2.5每上升10 μg/m3，当天门诊人次增加0.526%(95%CI 1.000 50~1.010 04)。结论 上海地区大气PM 2.5浓度与AR就诊量呈正相关，PM 2.5暴露是AR发病的独立因素，为AR诊断、防治提供了重要的理论依据。Abstract: Objective To explore the impact of PM 2.5 concentration in Shanghai on the incidence of allergic rhinitis(AR) in the population, and provide strategies for early warning and prevention of AR.Methods Collect daily average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants monitored in Shanghai from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019, and clinical data of AR patients from five hospitals in Shanghai during the same period. We used a time-series analysis additive Poisson regression model to analyze the correlation between PM 2.5 levels and outpatient attendance for AR patients.Results During the study period, a total of 56 500 AR patients were included, and the daily average concentration of PM 2.5 was(35.28±23.07)μg/m3. There is a correlation between the concentration of PM 2.5 and the number of outpatient attendance for AR cases. There is a positive correlation between the daily average number of outpatient for AR and levels of PM 2.5 air pollution((P < 0.05)). We found that every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM 2.5, the impact of on the number of AR visits was statistically significant on the same day, the first day behind, and the second day behind, with the strongest impact being the exposure on the same day. Every 10 μg/m3 increases in PM 2.5, the number of outpatient visits increased by 0.526% on the same day(95%CI 1.000 50-1.010 04).Conclusion The atmospheric PM 2.5 concentration in Shanghai is positively correlated with the number of outpatient for AR, and PM 2.5 exposure is an independent factor in the onset of AR. This provides an important theoretical basis for AR.
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Key words:
- allergic rhinitis /
- air pollution /
- outpatient attendance /
- PM 2.5 /
- time series /
- correlation analysis
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表 1 PM 2.5 10 μg/m3当日敏感性分析
RR 95%CI 核心模型 1.005 26 1.000 50~1.010 04 自由度规格 dfTime=7，气象因子不变 1.002 93 0.998 22~1.007 66 dfTime=9，气象因子不变 1.005 97 1.001 19~1.010 77 dfTime=8，dfTem=4 1.005 70 1.000 95~1.010 48 dfTime=8，dfTem=5 1.005 40 1.000 63~1.010 19 dfTime=8，dfRhu=3 1.005 27 1.000 51~1.010 05 dfTime=8，dfTem=5 1.005 02 1.000 25~1.009 82 dfTime：时间自由度；dfTem：温度自由度；dfRhu：相对湿度自由度。 
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