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摘要: 目的 研究不同年龄段正常听力者失匹配负波(mismatch negativity，MMN)特点，同时对不同年龄段正常听力者MMN进行比较，探讨不同年龄段之间MMN差异。方法 采用经典的oddball模式对受试者双耳进行MMN测试，标准刺激和偏差刺激分别为1 000 Hz和2 000 Hz的短纯音。根据不同年龄段分组：未成年组(7~17岁)、青年组(18~44岁)、中年组(45~59岁)、老年组(60~75岁)，每组均25例。统计分析不同年龄段正常听力者MMN特点并比较组间差异。所有受试者在进行MMN测试前均进行纯音听阈检查、鼓室导抗检查和听性脑干反应检查。结果 100例受试者均可正常引出MMN波形图，未成年组：平均潜伏期为(159.70±20.34) ms，平均波幅为(4.34±2.26)μV；青年组：平均潜伏期为(166.01±28.67) ms，平均波幅为(3.70±2.28)μV；中年组：平均潜伏期为(175.16±37.24) ms，平均波幅为(2.69±0.84)μV；老年组：平均潜伏期为(178.03±14.37) ms，平均波幅为(2.11±0.70)μV，各组潜伏期及波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；同时所有受试者左右耳比较时发现左右耳之间潜伏期及波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，但对各个组左右耳进行比较时发现未成年组左右耳之间潜伏期差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，其余组左右耳之间潜伏期及波幅差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，男女之间潜伏期及波幅差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 不同年龄段正常听力者间听觉失匹配负波潜伏期及波幅差异无统计学意义，受试者左右耳间、男女间MMN潜伏期及波幅无明显统计学差异，故推断7~75岁的人群听觉大脑皮层自发育成熟后长期维持在稳定的状态，其听觉失匹配负波的潜伏期及波幅比较稳定，不受年龄、性别、耳侧的影响，能够稳定地反映受试者的听觉皮层功能状态，在临床上有较广阔的应用前景，为今后研究患者的听觉大脑皮层变化提供一项可靠的检测手段，值得进一步研究并在临床上推广使用。Abstract: Objective To study the characteristics of Mismatch negativity(MMN) in normal hearing patients of different ages, and to compare the MMN of normal hearing subjects at different ages to explore the differences in MMN between different ages.Methods MMN test was performed on both ears using the classic Oddball mode. A frequency of 1 000 Hz(standard stimuli) and 2 000 Hz(deviant stimuli) was used to evoked the MMN. According to different age groups: the juvenile group(7-17 years old), the youth group(18-44 years old), the middle-aged group(45-59 years old), and the elderly group(60-75 years old), with 25 cases in each group. The MMN characteristics of normal hearing subjects in different age groups were analyzed statistically and the differences between groups were compared. All subjects underwent pure tone threshold test, tympanic reactance test and ABR test before MMN test.Results MMN waveform could be elicited from both ears of 100 subjects. Among them, the average latency of the juvenile group was(159.70±20.34) ms while the average amplitude was(4.34±2.26) μV, For the youth group, the average latency was(166.01±28.67) ms and the average amplitude was(3.70±2.28) μV. Then in the middle-aged group, the average latency was(175.16±37.24) ms, meanwhile, the average amplitude was(2.69±0.84) μV. Finally, the elderly group has an average latency of(178.03±14.37) ms and an average amplitude of(2.11±0.70) μV. Therefore, there was no statistical difference in latency and amplitude between all groups(P>0.05), and there was no statistical difference in latency and amplitude between left and right ears among all subjects as a whole(P>0.05). However, when the left and right ears of all groups were compared, it was found that the latency between the left and right ears of the Juvenile group had statistical significance(P < 0.05), and the amplitude difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05), while the latency and amplitude differences between the left and right ears of other groups had no statistical significance(P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in latency and amplitude between men and women(P>0.05).Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in the latency and amplitude of mismatched negative among normal hearing subjects of different ages, and no statistically significant difference in the MMN latency and amplitude between the left and right ears of subjects and between men and women. Therefore, the study inferred that the auditory cerebral cortex of subjects aged 7-75 years old maintained a stable state for a long time after maturity, and the latency and amplitude of mismatched negative waves were relatively stable. It is not affected by age, gender and ear side, and can stably reflect the auditory cortex function of the subjects. It has broad application prospects in clinical practice, and provides a reliable detection means for future research on the changes of the auditory cerebral cortex of patients, which is worthy of our further research and clinical promotion.
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Key words:
- mismatch negativity /
- auditory pathway /
- different age /
- normal hearing
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表 1 各组受试者一般资料
组别 平均年龄/岁 性别/例 侧别/例 男 女 左 右 未成年组 12.08±3.96 13 12 25 25 青年组 26.64±1.75 11 14 25 25 中年组 50.12±3.73 14 11 25 25 老年组 65.80±5.03 13 12 25 25 
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表 2 各组潜伏期及波幅比较
X±S 分组 平均潜伏期/ms 平均波幅/μV 未成年组 159.70±20.34 4.34±2.26 青年组 166.01±28.67 3.70±2.28 中年组 175.16±37.24 2.69±0.84 老年组 178.03±14.37 2.11±0.70 P 0.15 0.06
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