前庭代偿与治疗机制研究进展

李洁; 时海波

doi:10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.03.015

前庭代偿与治疗机制研究进展

李洁¹,
时海波^1, ,

- 上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(上海，200233)
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金委重点国际合作项目(No：82020108008)

详细信息

通讯作者: 时海波，E-mail：hbshi@sjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R441.2

收稿日期: 2022-12-03

修回日期: 2023-01-02

刊出日期: 2024-03-03

Research advances in the mechanism of vestibular compensation and treatment

LI Jie¹,
SHI Haibo^1, ,

- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China

More Information

Corresponding author: SHI Haibo, E-mail: hbshi@sjtu.edu.cn

Received Date: 03 December 2022

Revised Date: 02 January 2023

Publish Date: 03 March 2024

摘要

摘要: 与其他感觉系统不同，前庭系统通过“推-拉”的模式维持整个系统的张力平衡，局部功能异常增强或减弱都将导致整个系统的功能障碍。单侧外周前庭受损将引起显著的前庭症状，但其可在数日至数周内逐步自行缓解，该现象被称为“前庭代偿”。由于多数情况下的前庭外周损伤为不可逆性，因此广泛认为中枢机制是前庭代偿的主因。其中，静态症状在数周内消失，代偿较为完全，推测是前庭核团放电再平衡的结果；动态症状的代偿需要更长时间，通过感觉替代、行为替代等方式实现，且代偿不完全。本文简要综述了前庭代偿及治疗机制的研究进展以期为未来的研究工作和临床治疗策略提供参考。
- 前庭功能障碍 /
- 前庭代偿 /
- 神经生物学 /
- 中枢可塑性
Abstract: Unlike other sensory systems, since the vestibular system maintains the tension balance of the entire system in a"push-pull" mode, local dysfunction in the system will cause the balance of the entire system to collapse. Unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction will cause severe vestibular symptoms, but it can recover spontaneously within a few days to several weeks. This phenomenon is called "vestibular compensation"(VC). Since the peripheral vestibular impact in most cases is irreversible, it is widely believed that the central mechanism plays a key role in the vestibular compensation process. Static symptom is fully compensated within a few weeks, which is in parallel with the restored balance in the resting discharge of the vestibular nucleus on both sides; the incomplete compensation of dynamic deficits takes longer and is achieved mainly through the mechanism of sensory substitution and behavioral substitution. Here we briefly reviewed the mechanism of vestibular compensation and treatment in order to provide an insight into further study and clinical treatment strategies.
- vestibular dysfunction /
- vestibular compensation /
- neurobiology /
- central plasticity

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