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摘要: 目的 探讨颈部鳃源性皮肤软骨遗迹(CCBR)的胚胎来源及诊治。方法 回顾分析2005年1月—2021年12月广东省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的15例CCBR患儿资料。15例患儿均表现为患侧胸锁乳突肌中下2/3段前缘或浅面肿物，外观似副耳，均未出现红肿、疼痛等，表面皮肤未见外瘘口；B超检查15例次，均表现为患处皮下软组织无回声区，其内未见彩色血流信号；MRI检查6例次，患处前方皮肤及皮下脂肪区分别见不规则结节，向前突起，等T1等T2信号影，增强扫描未见明显强化。15例患儿均于全身麻醉下行颈部鳃源性皮肤软骨遗迹切除术。结果 术后病理为皮下组织及肌层间见弹性软骨，部分可见环层小体。术后无并发症，随访8~52个月(中位时间41个月)未见复发。结论 颈部鳃源性皮肤软骨遗迹较为罕见，可能来源自第二鳃弓，潜在合并其他先天畸形，基于美容的手术可改善外观。
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关键词:
- 颈部鳃源性皮肤软骨遗迹 /
- 鳃弓 /
- 外科手术
Abstract: Objective To investigate the embryologic origin and diagnosis and management of cutaneous cartilage remains of gill origin in the neck.Methods A total of 15 patients with cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants treated in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2005 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They had a common feature showing a tumor in the lower third of the front of sternocleidomastoid muscle. The tumor looked like accessory auricle, never appeared pain or other symptoms of infection, and had no skin orifice. All patients underwent ultrasound examination, which showed an anechoic area under subcutaneous tissue of the neck or face. MRI examination in 6 cases showed subcutaneous irregular nodules the location of the lesion. Surgical resection of cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants was performed in all cases.Results Postoperative pathological examination showed elastic cartilage. No complications were noticed. Recurrence was not observed in the cases by following-up of 8 months to 52 months(median: 41 months).Conclusion Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants are relatively rare, which may originate from the second branchial arch and may be associated with other congenital malformations. The curative treatment is a complete excision preschool. -
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表 1 文献报道CCBR患者的临床特点
作者 发表时间 例数 性别/例 侧别/例 合并其他畸形比例 男 女 左侧 右侧 双侧 Clarke[9] 1976 6 3 3 U U 3 1/6 Atlan等[6] 1997 17 11 6 11 5 1 13/17 Bendet[10] 1999 1 1 0 1 0 0 1/1 Braun等[11] 2003 1 1 0 0 0 1 N Rund等[12] 2004 1 0 1 1 0 0 N Oztürk等[13] 2006 1 1 0 0 0 1 N Dayal等[14] 2008 1 1 0 0 0 1 N Tamir等[15] 2008 1 0 1 0 0 1 N Nasser等[16] 2011 1 0 1 0 0 1 N Choi等[17] 2012 1 0 1 1 0 0 N Pham Dang等[18] 2013 6 1 5 U U 3 N Begovic等[8] 2014 17 10 7 8 5 4 5/17 Chander等[19] 2014 5 4 1 U U 3 1/5 Klockars等[20] 2017 7 6 1 4 1 2 1/7 Feito等[21] 2016 1 0 1 0 1 0 N Ginat等[22] 2018 1 U U 0 o 1 1/1 王岚等[23] 2018 2 2 N 1 1 0 N 翟志芳等[24] 2010 1 1 0 1 0 0 N 李峰等[25] 2019 3 2 1 1 1 1 N 注：U：不明确；N：无。 
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