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摘要: 随着全球头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)发病率的逐年增加及流行病学趋势的改变，HNSCC发病危险因素的研究及其一级预防越来越受到关注。目前，关于HNSCC的多种相关危险因素研究较多，可分为遗传风险与非遗传危险因素两大类；其中在非遗传危险因素中，病毒感染(HPV病毒、EB病毒)、生活方式(吸烟、饮酒、饮食、咀嚼槟榔)、社会行为因素、免疫抑制、职业暴露等因素均与HNSCC发病息息相关。本文就HNSCC的发病相关危险因素及遗传风险研究进展进行综述，以期为明确发病风险提供证据，降低风险行为以减少HNSCC的发病率。Abstract: With the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma increasing year by year and the epidemiological trend changes, the research on risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its primary prevention has attracted more and more attention. At present, many risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been studied, which can be divided into genetic factors and non-genetic factors. Among the non-genetic factors, viral infection (HPV virus, Epstein-Barr virus), lifestyle (smoking, drinking, diet, chewing betel nut), social behavior factors, immunosuppression, occupational exposure, and other factors are closely related to HNSCC incidence. In this paper, the research progress of HNSCC related risk factors is reviewed to provide evidence for the identification of the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and reduce the risk behaviors to reduce the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Key words:
- head and neck neoplasms /
- carcinoma, squamous cell /
- risk factors /
- genetic risk
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表 1 HNSCC遗传基因的表达
类别 遗传基因 HNSCC发病相关 欧洲人群 4q21-rs1494961，12q24-rs4767364，ADH：rs1573496，rs1229984，rs698 中国人群 ALDH：4q23-rs1229984，12q24-rs671 HNSCC预后相关 总体生存率 CACNA2D1和ESRRG：GSV 放疗后总生存率 XPD和FGFR4：SNP 生存预后相关 rs16879870，rs2641256，rs2761591，rs854936 HNSCC亚型相关 喉鳞状细胞癌 11q12-rs174549，6p21-rs2857595，12q24-rs10492336，ESRRG 鼻咽癌 P450 2E1，人类白细胞抗原A，人类白细胞抗原B，hOGG1，GABBR1 口腔癌及口咽癌 6p21.32-rs3828805及HLA-DQB1，10q26.13-rs201982221及LHPP，11p15.4-rs1453414及OR52N2-TRIM5 
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| 引用本文: |
涂晓敏, 任建君, 赵宇. 头颈鳞状细胞癌危险因素及遗传风险的研究进展[J]. 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2022, 36(5): 391-396. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.05.015
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| Citation: |
TU Xiaomin, REN Jianjun, ZHAO Yu. Advances in risk factors and genetic risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma[J]. J Clin Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2022, 36(5): 391-396. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.05.015
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