An analysis of spectrum of allergen sensitization among patients with tree pollen allergy in Beijing
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摘要: 目的: 探讨北京地区树木花粉的致敏特点,并分析其与气传花粉的关系。方法: 将2017年1~7月份变态反应科就诊的2 521例过敏性疾病患者纳入研究,均接受8种树木花粉变应原点刺试验(SPT)。结果: ①树木花粉SPT阳性率为49.3%(1 244/2 521)。男性致敏率高于女性(56.4% vs 45.0%,P<0.01)。儿童组花粉致敏阳性率显著高于成人组(55.9% vs 48.6%,P<0.05)。树木花粉致敏趋向于多重致敏, ≥ 3种树木花粉阳性率为26.3%,占总阳性人群的53.3%。②树木花粉致敏的阳性率呈现典型的季节高峰,3月份阳性率最高(62.2%),其次为5月份(52.1%),最低为1月份(27.9%)。花粉致敏阳性率与空气中花粉总量高度相关(r=0.929,P<0.01)。③圆柏花粉点刺阳性率最高(34.6%),其次为杨树(21.3%),槐树(13.3%)。不同花粉的致敏率和空气中的含量高度相关(r=0.714,P<0.05)。结论: 北京地区主要致敏树种为圆柏。春季树木花粉致敏呈现季节性,3月份为致敏高峰期。春季树木花粉致敏率与空气中的播散量有关。Abstract: Objective: To explore the feature of allergic sensitization of tree pollen and the relationship between tree pollen and airborne pollen in Beijing.Method: Two thousand five hundred and twenty-one patients with allergic diseases were enrolled between January to July in 2017 in an allergy department. All patients received SPT of 8 kinds of tree pollen.Result: ①The overall tree pollen positive rate of SPT was 49.3% (1 244/2 521). Male had a higher positive rate than female (56.4% vs 45.0%, P<0.01) while child group had a higher positive rate than adult group (55.9% vs 48.6%, P<0.05). The poly sensitization was observed with a rate of 26.3%, take the percentage of 53.3% of the overall positive subjects. ②The highest sensitization rate was found in March (62.2%), followed by May (52.1%), the lowest was January (27.9%). There was a positive correlation between tree pollen sensitization rate and pollen count of each month (r=0.929, P<0.01). ③Cypress had the highest positive rate (34.6%), followed by poplar (21.3%), the lowest was sophora (13.3%). The sensitization rate was positively correlated with pollen count among different tree pollen (r=0.714, P<0.05).Conclusion: The main allergic pollen in Beijing was cypress. The tree pollen sensitization showed a seasonality with the peak in March. The sensitization status was tightly associated with the amount of airborne pollen.
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Key words:
- rhinitis /
- allergic /
- tree pollen /
- cypress /
- peak season /
- poly sensitization
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