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摘要: 目的 探讨儿童颈部支气管源性囊肿的临床表现以及手术治疗效果。方法 回顾性分2014至2020年收治的6例经病理检查确诊为颈部支气管源性囊肿的患儿的临床资料，所有患儿均在全麻下行颈部肿块完整切除术。结果 6例患儿，年龄1~5岁，中位年龄2.25岁；男3例，女3例；病变位于左侧3例，颈前中线2例，右侧1例；临床表现为无痛性肿块5例，颈部反复感染1例。肿块大小范围是2.1~7.5 cm。支气管源性囊肿无特异性临床表现或者影像学改变。术前误诊为淋巴管瘤3例，甲状舌管囊肿2例，梨状窝瘘1例。术后随访1.50~7.75年，中位随访4.13年，6例患儿术后均无复发、无并发症。结论 虽然罕见，但在儿童颈部囊性肿块的鉴别诊断中应考虑到支气管源性囊肿。手术是治疗颈部支气管源性囊肿最有效的方法。组织病理学检查是诊断的金标准。Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment outcomes of children with cervical bronchogenic cysts.Methods A retrospective study of 6 pediatric patients with bronchogenic cysts in the neck region treated in our hospital during 2014 to 2020 was performed. All children underwent complete resection of cervical mass under general anesthesia.Results There were 6 children, aged from 1 to 5 years, with a median of 2.25 years. There were 3 males and 3 females. The lesions were located on the left neck in 3 cases, the midline neck in 2 cases and the right neck in 1 case. The clinical manifestations were painless mass in 5 cases and recurrent neck infection in 1 case. The size of the mass ranged from 2.1 to 7.5 cm. There was no characteristic clinical or imaging features of bronchogenic cysts. Misdiagnosed as lymphangioma in 3 cases, thyroglossal cyst in 2 cases and piriform fistula in 1 case. The follow-up ranged from 1.50 to 7.75 years, with a median of 4.13 years. All 6 children had no recurrence or complications.Conclusion Although rare, bronchogenic cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical cystic masses in children. Surgery is the most effective way to treat cervical bronchogenic cyst, and histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis.
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Key words:
- Bronchogenic cyst /
- Children /
- Neck /
- Surgery
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表 1 颈部支气管源性囊肿患儿临床资料
序号 年龄/岁 性别 临床表现/病程 位置 大小/cm 误诊史 内容物 复发 随访时间/年 1 2.0 女 无痛性肿块/6个月 左侧 2.1×2.5×3.4 淋巴管瘤/梨状窝瘘 白色黏液 无 4.75 2 1.0 男 无痛性肿块/2个月 中线 2.3×2.1×1.3 甲状舌管囊肿 灰白色黏液 无 1.50 3 5.0 女 无痛性肿块/5个年 左侧 3.1×4.1×7.5 淋巴管瘤 灰白色黏液 无 7.75 4 2.5 男 无痛性肿块/8个月 右侧 3.8×3.1×4.9 颈部肿块 棕褐色黏液 无 3.50 5 1.8 女 反复炎性肿块/9个月 中线 2.1×1.8×1.9 甲状舌管囊肿 灰白色黏液 无 2.25 6 3.3 男 无痛性肿块/24个月 左侧 2.5×1.5×1.1 淋巴管瘤 米白色黏液 无 5.50 
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