内蒙古草原地区蒿属花粉的致敏特征分析

马婷婷; 庄严; 王洪田; 魏庆宇; 石海云; 宁慧宇; 蓝天飞; 郭淼颖; 何欢; 王学艳

doi:10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.12.009

内蒙古草原地区蒿属花粉的致敏特征分析

- 1.
  首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院变态反应科(北京，100038)
- 2.
  辽宁沈阳202医院变态反应科
基金项目:
北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项经费资助(No：ZYLX201826)；中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(No：J2019Z603)；北京世纪坛院内基金项目(No：2018-q16)；北京市属医院科研培育计划(No：pX2020028)

详细信息

通讯作者: 王学艳，E-mail：wangxueyan2018@163.com

中图分类号: R765.21

收稿日期: 2020-03-12

刊出日期: 2020-12-05

Analysis of sensitization characteristics of artemisia pollen in the Inner Mongolian grassland region of China

- 1.
  Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- 2.
  Department of Allergy, China Medical University No.202 Hospital, Shenyang

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Xueyan, E-mail: wangxueyan2018@163.com

Received Date: 12 March 2020

Publish Date: 05 December 2020

摘要

摘要: 目的对内蒙古草原地区蒿属花粉的分布及致敏特征进行分析。方法通过面对面问卷调查、皮肤点刺试验、花粉监测调查了内蒙古草原6个地区(锡林浩特、多伦、二连浩特、通辽、扎旗、开鲁)蒿属花粉的分布和致敏特征。结果内蒙古草原地区6043人完成了问卷调查和皮肤点刺试验。蒿属花粉症的患病率是14.38%(869/6043)；高发年龄在18~39岁年龄段，占43.27%(376/869)；城市的患病率明显高于农村(61.22% vs.38.78%，P < 0.01)；6个地区患病率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。蒿属花粉症的主要症状以打喷嚏(96.78%)、鼻痒(91.60%)明显，眼部症状中以眼痒(68.58%)明显；其他相关症状突出表现在乏力(31.07%)和嗜睡(30.49%)。蒿属花粉飘散高峰期为8月份；蒿属花粉症患者发病季节与蒿属花粉播散的高峰期时间相吻合。6043例人群中蒿属花粉皮肤点刺阳性率为23.98%，蒿属花粉症合并疾病中，合并结膜炎615例(70.77%)，合并食物过敏746例(85.85%)，合并哮喘83例(9.55%)。结论中国北方草原地区蒿属花粉症的患病率较高，防治蒿属花粉具有重要的意义。
- 花粉症 /
- 蒿属 /
- 花粉 /
- 草原 /
- 皮肤点刺试验
Abstract: Objective The distribution and sensitization characteristics of the pollen of artemisia were analyzed in the grasslands of Inner Mongolian.Method A face-to-face questionnaires survey about the distribution and sensitization characteristics of the pollen of artemisia was performed together with pollen skin prick tests(SPTs) and measurements of the daily pollen count in 6 region(Xilinhot, Erenhot, Duolun, Tongliao, Jarud, Kailu) in the grasslands of Inner Mongolian.Result A total of 6043 subjects completed the study. The prevalence of artemisia hay fever was 14.38%(869/6043). The highest prevalence was found in the 18-39 age group(43.27%, 376/869). Subjects from urban areas showed higher prevalence of AR than from rural areas(61.22% vs. 38.78%, P < 0.01). There were significant regional differences in the prevalence of AR(P < 0.01) among the six areas investigated. The main clinical symptoms of artemisia hay fever were sneezing(96.78%) and itchy nose(91.60%). The main clinical symptoms of ocular were itchy(68.58%). Among associated symptoms of artemisia hay fever, fatigue and somnolence were common. The peak season of artemisia hay fever was in August. The season of onset of artemisia hay fever coincides with the peak time of pollen dispersal of artemisia. The SPT positive of artemisia pollen in the investigated 6043 people was 23.98%. Among comorbidities, allergic conjunctivitis accounts for 70.77% (615), food allergy accounts for 85.85% (746), asthma accounts for 9.55% (83).Conclusion The prevalence of artemisia hay fever in grassland of northern china stays at a high level. It is very important to control artemisia hay fever.
- pollinosis /
- artemisia /
- pollen /
- grassland /
- skin prick tests

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图 1 2015年中国北方草原内蒙古地区蒿属花粉分布情况

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 调查人群的一般情况 x±s

变量	非蒿属花粉症(n=5174)	蒿属花粉症(n=869)	P
年龄/岁			< 0.000 1
0~6	985(19.04)	63(7.25)
7~12	820(15.85)	125(14.38)
13~17	349(6.75)	99(11.39)
18~39	1136(21.96)	376(43.27)
40~59	1375(26.58)	178(20.48)
≥60	509(9.80)	28(3.22)
性别			0.002 6
男	2442(47.20)	458(52.70)
女	2732(52.80)	411(47.30)
民族			0.095 5
汉族	2835(54.79)	453(52.13)
蒙族	2102(40.63)	384(44.19)
其他民族	237(4.58)	32(3.68)
居住地			< 0.000 1
城市	2429(46.95)	532(61.22)
农村	2745(53.05)	337(38.78)
地区			< 0.000 1
开鲁	899(17.38)	101(11.62)
通辽	941(18.19)	81(9.32)
扎旗	925(17.88)	177(20.37)
多伦	966(18.67)	103(11.85)
二连浩特	819(15.83)	189(21.75)
锡林浩特	624(12.06)	218(25.09)

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 蒿属花粉症患者的临床症状

临床症状	例数	比例/%
主要症状
鼻痒	796	91.60
打喷嚏	841	96.78
流鼻涕	751	86.42
鼻塞	709	81.59
鼻后滴流	254	29.23
嗅觉减退	315	36.25
眼部症状
眼痒	596	68.58
结膜充血	472	54.32
流泪	448	51.55
鼻炎其他症状
嗜睡	265	30.49
乏力	270	31.07
口腔溃疡	172	19.79
腹泻	97	11.16

下载: 导出CSV

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