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Key words:
- children /
- rhinosinusitis /
- diagnosis /
- treatment
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[1] 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志编辑委员会, 中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学分会小儿学组、鼻科学组.儿童鼻-鼻窦炎诊断和治疗建议 (2012年, 昆明)[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2013, 48 (3):177-179.
[2] CLAUS B, GABRIËLE H.Pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis, pharmaceutical therapy options[J].Curr Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2015, 14:S32-S63.
[3] 许庚, 史剑波, 文卫平.儿童鼻窦炎规范化诊断和治疗[J].中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 2005, 12 (7):407-410.
[4] GWALTNEY J M Jr, PHILLIPS C D, MILLER RD, et al.Computed tomographic study of the common cold[J].New England J Med, 1994, 330:25-30.
[5] SHAPIRO G G, VIRANT F S, FURUKAWA C T, et al.Immunologic defects in patients with refractory sinusitis[J].Pediatrics, 1991, 87:311-316.
[6] CASTERTON J W, STEWART P S, GREENBERGE P.Bacterial biofilms:a common cause of persistent infections.[J].Science, 1999, 284:1318-1322.
[7] 张孜, 李云川, 韩晔华, 等.慢性鼻-鼻窦炎细菌生物膜形态观察[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2008, 43 (11):840-844.
[8] COTICCHIA J, ZULIANI G, COLEMAN C, et al.Biofilm surface area in the pediatric nasopharynx:Chronic rhinosinusitis vs obstructive sleep apnea.[J].Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2007, 133:110-114.
[9] SCHITTEK B, SHIOHARA T.The antimicrobial skin barrier in patients with atopic dermatitis[J].Curr Problems Dermatol, 2011, 41:54-67.
[10] SOYKA M B, WAWRZYNIAK P, EIWEGGER T, et al.Defective epithelial barrier in chronic rhinosinusitis:The regulation of tight junctions by IFN-γ and IL-4[J].J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2012, 130:1087-1096.
[11] PARSONS D S.Chronic sinusitis:a medical or surgical disease[J]?Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 1996, 29:1-9.
[12] OSTROWSKI L E, YIN W T, BUSALACCHI K B, et al.Conditional deletion of dnaic1 in a murine model of primary ciliary dyskinesia causes chronic rhinosinusitis[J].Am J Respiratory Cell Molecular Biol, 2010, 43:55-63.
[13] BOTHWELL M R, PARSONS D S, TALBOT R, et al.Outcome of reflux therapy on pediatric chronic sinusitis[J].Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 1999, 121:255-262.
[14] 敬尚林, 林楠, 陈继昌.儿童鼻-鼻窦炎诊疗规范化探讨[J].山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2014, 28 (1):91-94.
[15] 敖琴.鼻腔冲洗治疗儿童鼻-鼻窦炎的临床研究[D].北京:首都医科大学, 2012.
[16] 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志编辑委员会鼻科组.儿童变应性鼻炎诊断和治疗的专家共识 (2010年, 重庆)[J].中华儿科杂志, 2011, 49 (2):116-117.
[17] MIN-MAN W, HONG S, ZHI-QIANG X, et al.Differential proteomic analysis of nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis, and normal nasal mucosa tissues[J].Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2009, 141:364-368.
[18] 张罗.慢性鼻-鼻窦炎诊治将进入精准医疗时代[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2016, 51 (3):161-163.
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