Abstract: Objective: To explore the operation treatments and their outcomes of external auditory canal cholesteatomas involving the tympanic cavity and mastoid process.Method: Forty-two patients (45 ears) with external auditory canal cholesteatomas were included in this study who were operated. All lesions invaded the tympanic cavity and mastoid process. Excision of cholesteatoma, external auditory canal angioplasty and concha formation were performed. Ossicular chain reconstruction was performed in 3 ears. Mastoidectomy with close technique were performed in 4 ears. Open radical mastoidectomy was performed in 5 ears. Posterior bone-wall of auricular meatus reconstruction was performed in 3 ears. Tympanoplasty was performed in 21 ears. Pure tone audiogram and aural endoscope were carried out after the operation (3 months, 6months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years…).Result: Stricture of external auditory meatus were occured in 2 ears in 2 and 3 months after surgery respectively. Cholesteatoma recurrence was observed in 2 ears in 1 year after operation. Wet ear was observed in 1 patient and then another operation was performed after 7 months. Besides the patients above, the epitheliums of the cavity were well in all other patients with complete tympanic membranes. Hearing was improved in all patients (hearing by air conduction:5-30 dB HL).Conclusion: According to the range of the external auditory canal cholesteatoma, we took different operation methods including tympanoplasty, open or close radical mastoidectomy and reconstruction of posterior wall of external auditory canal etc. Those methods, including external auditory canal angioplasty, cavity plasty of concha and skin grafting of external auditory canal, could help to prevent scar formation and stricture of external auditory canal, prevent cholesteatoma recurrence and improve hearing.