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摘要: 目的：获得听力正常青年人宽频声能吸收率的标准值，并对宽频声导抗测试中的相关影响因素进行初步研究。方法：在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院临床听力学中心收集86例听力正常青年人（男女各43例），平均年龄（22.0±1.5）岁。纯音测听在250~8 000 Hz范围各倍频程内，气导听阈 ≤ 25 dB HL；226 Hz声导抗测试鼓室图均为A型。对所有受试者行宽频声导抗测试，宽频声导抗的测量是在226~8 000 Hz之间，共107个倍频程点进行。结果：共对172耳的测试结果进行统计分析。①在250~8 000 Hz范围内，声能吸收率测试值在低频范围内逐渐增大，在1 000~3 000 Hz范围内达到峰值；后随着频率增加，声能吸收率测试值逐渐缓慢减小。②声能吸收率在4 200~4 900 Hz区间内女性受试者测试值明显高于男性受试者。③性别与226 Hz鼓室图声顺值、峰压、宽度之间无显著相关性（P=0.319、0.831、0.786）；性别与耳道容积之间有明显的相关性（P<0.01）。④性别与共振频率之间无显著相关性（P>0.05）。⑤身高体重与耳道容积有明显的相关性（P<0.05）；耳道容积与共振频率间同时具有显著关系（P<0.05）。结论：听力正常青年人宽频声能吸收率在低频时吸收率较低，迅速增长；中高频声能吸收率值较高。宽频声能吸收率在不同性别间具有差异性，身高、体重对宽频声导抗的测试结果存在一定的影响，在临床应用中应分别选择上述参数的正常值，可增加中耳疾病诊断的特异度和灵敏度。Abstract: Objective: To explore the normative data of wideband acoustic absorption rate of young people with normal hearing, and the related factors of wideband acoustic immittance.Method: Eighty six cases of young people with normal hearing (43 cases of male, 43 cases of female) were collected in the clinical audiology centers of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical. The average age is (22.0±1.5) years. Pure tone audiometry in the range of 250 to 8 000 Hz in each octave is carried out, and the air conduction thresholds are less than 25 dB HL; 226 Hz tympanometry were type A. For all subjects, the wideband acoustic immittance measurement was conducted at 226-8 000 Hz, and a total of 107 frequency points were carried out.Result: The test results of 172 ears were statistically analyzed.①In the range of 250-8 000 Hz, acoustic absorption rate in the low frequency range increases gradually, and the peak is found in the range of 1 000 to 3 000 Hz; getting along with the increase of frequency and acoustic absorption rate gradually decreases slowly.②The acoustic absorption rate in the range of 4 200-4 900 Hz in female subjects was significantly higher than that in male subjects.③There was no significant relationship between gender, compliance, peak pressure, and width in 226 Hz tympanometry (P=0.319, 0.831, 0.786), however there was a significant relationship between gender and the ear canal volume (P<0.01).④There was no significant relationship between gender and the resonance frequency (P>0.05).⑤There was a significant correlation between height/weight and ear canal volume (P<0.05), and there was a significant relationship between the ear canal volume and the resonance frequency (P<0.05).Conclusion: The acoustic absorption rate of young people in the low frequency range was lower, then increases gradually, and the peak was found in the range of mid-high frequency. The difference in the wideband absorption rate between genders was significant. The height and weight had influence on the results of wideband acoustic immittance.
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