Abstract: Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestation,diagnosis,treatment of parathyroid occupying lesions.Method:The clinical data of 26 patients with parathyroid occupying lesions between January 2003 and October 2012 at Dalian Central Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Result:There were 2 cases of parathyroid cancer,11 cases of parathyroid adenoma,13 cases of parathyroid cysts in this study. All the cases,except 13 cases of cysts,are accompanied by symptoms of hyperparathyroidism.The symptoms were as follows:26 cases of neck lump,11 cases of osteoporosis/osteitis fibrosa cystica,9 cases of urinary symptom,8 cases of digestive symptom.Serum calciumion level and serum parathyroid hormone(PTH) level were examined qualitatively before operation.Ultrasonography,CT,MRI were used in diagnosing and locating parathyroid occupying lesion before operation. 2 cases of parathyroid cancer,11 cases of parathyroid adenoma and 13 cases of parathyroid cysts with preoperative and postoperative diagnosis coincidence rate was 0(0/2),91% (10/11),69% (9/13).All patients were treated with operation.2 cases of parathyroid cancer survived with out recurrence during follow up for 17 months and 27 months after operation.11 cases of parathyroid adenoma and 13 cases of parathyroid cysts were treated with operation,achieved complete remission and the outcome was no recurrence.Conclusion:There lack of specific clinical symptoms of parathyroid occupying lesions,neck lump are common manifestations. Examination of serum calcium and PTH level together with ultrasonography,CT,MRI,^99mTc-MIBI is helpful to diagnose parathyroid occupying lesions. Parathyroid cancer preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Parathyroid occupying lesions determine the diagnosis depends on pathology.Surgery should be done as primary treatment.