对内耳氧化抗氧化失衡的反思

王璐; 丁大连; 孙虹; Richard Salvi

doi:10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2013.17.018

对内耳氧化抗氧化失衡的反思

- 1 中南大学湘雅三医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科(长沙, 410013);
- 2 Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo;
- 3 中南大学湘雅医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科

详细信息

通讯作者: 丁大连, E-mail:dding@buffalo.edu

中图分类号: R764

收稿日期: 2013-04-03

Introspection of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in the inner ear

More Information

Corresponding author: DING Dalian, E-mail: dding@buffalo.edu

Received Date: 03 April 2013

摘要

- 内耳 /
- 氧化应激
Abstract: Free radicals are atoms, molecules or ions with unpaired electrons.In biological systems, free radicals can have a dual role, being beneficial in some situations and deleterious in others.Free radicals are required for normal cellular metabolism, but they lead to cellular degeneration if overproduced.To prevent the excessive buildup of free radicals, cells have developed an elaborate series of antioxidant enzymes that counteract oxidative stress and protect cells by maintaining the proper balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation.Therefore, when there is an oxidant/anti-oxidant imbalance, no matter what direction, cells are likely to be damaged.Numerous reports in the literature indicate that free radicals play important roles in diseases of the inner ear as a result of noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, aging, and other pathological conditions.Therefore, there have been many attempts to employ antioxidants treat inner ear damage.However, antioxidant therapy could be harmful if the improper compound or dose is employed.Effective antioxidant therapy requires prior knowledge of the type (s) of oxidative stress occurring in real time in the inner ear.Since most techniques for detecting free radicals in the inner ear are not clinically feasible, systemic anti-oxidant therapy is generally performed "blindly" and therefore likely to disrupt normal antioxidant levels in the inner ear or elsewhere in the body.If only a single anti-oxidant is used to treat a disease, it may disturb subsequent steps the oxidative/anti-oxidative chain reaction.An alternative approach, hydrogen therapy represents a promising therapeutic tool because it can selectively scavenge the strongest oxidant species, the hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite anion, without disturbing normal oxidant/anti-oxidant cellular processes.In addition, hydrogen has no cytotoxic effects to cells so that it provides a near ideal therapy to eliminate toxic free radicals.
- inner ear /
- oxidative stress

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